Njengoba isidingo sokuvikelwa kwelanga esisebenzayo siqhubeka sikhula, imboni yezimonyo ibone ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuphawulekayo ezithandweni ezisetshenziswe ama-sunscreen amakhemikhali. Lo mbhalo uhlola uhambo lokuthuthuka kwezithako ngama-sunscreen amakhemikhali, agqamisa umthelela oguqukayo emikhiqizweni yesimanje yokuvikelwa kwelanga.
Ukuhlolwa kwangokoqobo kokuhlolwa:
Ezigabeni zokuqala zokwakheka kwe-sunscreen, izithako zemvelo ezinjengezithako zesitshalo, amaminerali kanye namafutha ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwelanga okukhawulelwe. Ngenkathi lezi zithako zinikeza ezinye izinga lokuvinjwa kwemisebe ye-UV, ukusebenza kwazo kwakuyisizotha futhi kungenazo imiphumela efiselekayo.
Ukwethulwa kwezihlungi ze-organic:
Ukuphumelela kwama-sunnscreens amakhemikhali weza nokwethulwa kwezihlungi ze-organic, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-UV Ableber. Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, ososayensi baqala ukucubungula amakhompiyutha aphilayo akwazi ukudonsa imisebe ye-UV. U-Benzyl Salicylate uqhamuke njengephayona kulo mkhakha, enikeza ukuvikela okulinganiselayo kwe-UV. Kodwa-ke, kwadingeka ukucwaninga okwengeziwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Intuthuko ekuvikelweni kwe-UVB:
Ukutholwa kwe-para-aminobenzoic acid (i-PABA) ngawo-1940 kwaphawula ingqophamlando enkulu ekuvikelweni kwelanga. I-PABA yaba isithako esiyinhloko kuma-sunscreens, edonsa ngempumelelo imisebe ye-UVB ebhekele ukushiswa yilanga. Naphezu kokusebenza kwayo, i-PABA yayinokulinganiselwa, njengokucasuka kwesikhumba okungaba khona kanye nokungezwani komzimba, okwenza isidingo sezinye izithako.
Ukuvikelwa okubanzi kweSpectrum:
Njengoba ulwazi lwesayensi lunwetshiwe, ukugxila kuguqukele ekuthuthukiseni izithako ezingavikela ngokumelene nemisebe ye-UVB nase-UVA. Ngawo-1980s, u-Avobenzone wavela njengesihlungi se-UVA esisebenzayo, egcwalisa isivikelo se-UVB esikhona esinikezwe yi-PASCREENS esekelwe kwi-PABA. Kodwa-ke, ukuzinza kuka-Avobenzone ngaphansi kwelanga kwakuyinselele, okuholela ekutheni ama-nento amaningi.
I-PhotoStation kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-UVA okuthuthukisiwe:
Ukubhekana nokungazinzi kwezihlungi ze-UVA zokuqala, abaphenyi bagxile ekuthuthukiseni i-PhotoStation kanye nokuvikelwa okubanzi. Izithako ezinjenge-Octocrylene neBemotrinol zakhiwa, zinikeza ukuqina okuthuthukile kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-UVA ephakeme. Lezi zikhundla zithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nokwethenjwa kwama-sunscreens.
Izihlungi ze-UVA eziphilayo:
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izihlungi ze-organic UVA zithole ukuvelela ngenxa yokuvikelwa kwazo okuhlukile kwe-UVA nokuqina okuthuthukile. Amakhompiyutha anjengeMexoryl SX, Mexoryl XL, kanye neTinosorB S baguqule ama-sunscreens, abahlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephezulu ye-UVA Defense. Lezi zithako ziye zaba zihlanganisa ezakhiweni zokuvikela ilanga zanamuhla.
Amasu Eyasungulwa Esabekayo:
Kanye nesiphithiphithi esithambekele, amasu wokuqamba amakhono adlale indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwelanga amakhemikhali. I-Nanotechnology iveze indlela yezinhlayiya ezithuthukile, enikeza ukumbozwa okusobala futhi yathuthukisa ukumuncwa kwe-UV. Ubuchwepheshe be-EncopSotion buye baqashwa futhi ukwenza ngcono ukuqina nokwandisa ukulethwa kwezithako, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwabaqondisi:
Ngokuqonda okukhulayo kwethonya lezithako ze-sunscreen empilweni yabantu kanye nemvelo, izidumbu zokulawula ziye zasebenzisa imihlahlandlela nemikhawulo. Izithako ezinjenge-Oxybenzone ne-OctinoXate, ezaziwa ngomthelela wazo ongaba nomthelela, ziye zakha imboni ukuthuthukisa ezinye izindlela, ukubeka phambili ukuphepha nokuphepha.
Isiphetho:
Ukuvela kwezithako kumakhemikhali sunnscreens kuguqule ukuvikelwa kwelanga embonini yezimonyo. Ukusuka ekuhlungeleleni kwe-organic ekuqaleni kwentuthuko yokuvikelwa kwe-UVA ethuthukisiwe kanye namasu okusebenza asungulayo, imboni yenze imizamo ebalulekile. Ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo nentuthuko kuzoshayela ekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo ephephile, esebenza kahle kakhulu yemvelo, kanye nokuvikelwa kwelanga okulungele abathengi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-20-2024