Njengoba isidingo sokuvikelwa kwelanga okuphumelelayo siqhubeka nokukhula, imboni yezimonyo ibone ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo ezithakweni ezisetshenziswa emithini yokuvikela ilanga yamakhemikhali. Lesi sihloko sihlola uhambo lokuthuthuka kwezithako emithini yokuvikela ilanga yamakhemikhali, siqokomisa umthelela oguqulayo emikhiqizweni yokuvikela ilanga yanamuhla.
Ukuhlolwa Kwezithako Zokuqala:
Ezigabeni zokuqala zokwakheka kwemithi yokuvikela ilanga, izithako zemvelo ezifana nezingcezu zezitshalo, amaminerali, namafutha zazivame ukusetshenziswa ukunikeza ukuvikelwa okulinganiselwe elangeni. Nakuba lezi zithako zazinikeza izinga elithile lokuvimbela imisebe ye-UV, ukusebenza kwazo kwakuncane futhi kwakungenayo imiphumela efiselekayo ehlala isikhathi eside.
Isingeniso Sezihlungi Zemvelo:
Intuthuko emikhiqizweni yokuvikela ilanga yamakhemikhali yafika ngokwethulwa kwezihlungi eziphilayo, ezaziwa nangokuthi izifutho ze-UV. Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, ososayensi baqala ukuhlola amakhemikhali emvelo akwazi ukumunca imisebe ye-UV. I-Benzyl salicylate yavela njengephayona kulo mkhakha, inikeza ukuvikelwa kwe-UV okumaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, kwakudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo.
Intuthuko Ekuvikelweni Kwe-UVB:
Ukutholakala kwe-para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) ngawo-1940 kwaphawula ingqophamlando ebalulekile ekuvikelweni kwelanga. I-PABA yaba yisithako esiyinhloko emithini yokuvikela ilanga, imunca ngempumelelo imisebe ye-UVB ebangela ukushiswa yilanga. Naphezu kokusebenza kwayo kahle, i-PABA yayinemikhawulo, njengokucasuka kwesikhumba okungenzeka kanye nokungezwani komzimba, okwabangela isidingo sezinye izithako.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Broad-Spectrum:
Njengoba ulwazi lwesayensi lwalukhula, ukugxila kwashintsha kwaba ukwakha izithako ezingavikela emisebeni ye-UVB kanye ne-UVA. Ngawo-1980, i-avobenzone yavela njengesihlungi se-UVA esisebenzayo, esihambisana nokuvikelwa kwe-UVB okukhona okunikezwa yimithi yokuvikela ilanga esekelwe ku-PABA. Kodwa-ke, ukuzinza kwe-avobenzone ngaphansi kwelanga kwakuyinselele, okwaholela emisha eyengeziwe.
Ukuzinza kwesithombe kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-UVA okuthuthukisiwe:
Ukuze kulungiswe ukungazinzile kwezihlungi ze-UVA zakuqala, abacwaningi bagxile ekuthuthukiseni ukuzinza kwesithombe kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-widespectrum. Izithako ezifana ne-octocrylene kanye ne-bemotrizinol zakhiwe, zanikeza ukuzinza okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-UVA okuphezulu. Lokhu kuthuthuka kuthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kanye nokuthembeka kwezivikelo zelanga.
Izihlungi ze-UVA ze-Organic:
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izihlungi ze-UVA eziphilayo ziye zaduma ngenxa yokuvikelwa kwazo kwe-UVA okumangalisayo kanye nokuqina okuthuthukisiwe. Izinhlanganisela ezifana ne-Mexoryl SX, i-Mexoryl XL, kanye ne-Tinosorb S ziye zashintsha ama-sunscreen, zanikeza ukuzivikela kwe-UVA okusezingeni eliphezulu. Lezi zithako sezibe yingxenye ebalulekile yezindlela zanamuhla zokuvikela ilanga.
Amasu Okwakha Okusha:
Kanye nokuthuthuka kwezithako, amasu amasha okwakha adlale indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwezithako zokuvikela ilanga zamakhemikhali. I-nanotechnology ivule indlela yezinhlayiya ezincane, inikeza ukumbozwa okusobala kanye nokumuncwa kwe-UV okuthuthukisiwe. Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka i-capsulation busetshenziswe futhi ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kanye nokwenza ngcono ukulethwa kwezithako, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle okukhulu.
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Ngokwemithetho:
Ngokuqonda okukhulayo ngomthelela wezithako zokuvikela ilanga empilweni yabantu kanye nasemvelweni, izinhlangano ezilawulayo zisebenzise iziqondiso nemikhawulo. Izithako ezifana ne-oxybenzone ne-octinoxate, ezaziwa ngomthelela wazo ongaba khona emvelweni, ziye zashukumisela imboni ukuthi ithuthukise ezinye izindlela, ibeka phambili ukuphepha kanye nokusimama.
Isiphetho:
Ukuvela kwezithako ezikhiqizweni zelanga zamakhemikhali kushintshe kakhulu ukuvikelwa kwelanga embonini yezimonyo. Kusukela ezihlungini zokuqala zezinto eziphilayo kuya ekuthuthukisweni kokuvikelwa kwe-UVA okuthuthukisiwe kanye namasu okwakha amasha, imboni yenze intuthuko ebalulekile. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko luzoqhuba ukudalwa kwemikhiqizo ye-sunscreen ephephile, esebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi enobungani nemvelo, okuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwelanga okuhle kakhulu kubathengi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-20-2024